Capacitor C4 should be as near as possible to pin 1 of IC2. LM358 is a dual-operation amplifier that is used here to control overcharging of the battery. The basic circuit is a regulated power supply using LM317, with a control on output by changing resistance at adjust pin 1. This voltage is given to the input of LM317 for regulation. The 230V AC primary to 15V-0-15V, 1A secondary transformer used in this circuit steps down mains voltage, which is rectified by diodes D1 and D2 and smoothened by capacitor C1. It is built around step-down transformer X1, adjustable voltage regulator LM317 (IC1), op-amp comparator LM358 (IC2) and a few other components. 12V battery charger circuit Fig1: 12V battery charger circuitĬircuit diagram of the 12V battery absorb and float charger is shown in Fig.
These values are to be set as specified by the battery manufacturer. For safe working and to avoid overcharging of battery, absorption voltage is selected as 14.1V and floating voltage is selected as 13.6V. Absorption and floating voltages are dependent on the type of battery.įor this charger, voltages are set for a sealed lead-acid (SLA) 12V, 7Ah battery, for which absorption voltage is 14.1V to 14.3V and floating voltage is 13.6V to 13.8V. This 12V battery charger circuit charges the battery at a particular voltage, that is, absorption voltage, and once the maximum charging voltage is attained, the charger changes the output voltage to float voltage for maintaining the battery at that voltage. Most battery chargers stop charging the battery when it attains its maximum charging voltage set by the circuit.
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